Chemical characteristics and bio-toxicity relationship leachate from municipal landfill with different degree of treatment

Abstract

This study aims to evaluate the performance of landfill leachate treatment process which utilized chemical coagulation followed by sand filtration, microfiltration (MF) and reverse osmosis (RO) membrane. The chemical characteristics were analyzed follow industrial effluent standard parameters, and toxic organic compounds which were analyzed using gas chromatography mass spectrometer (GC-MS). Simultaneously, acute toxicity tests were determined by LC50 of water flea (Moina macrocopa) after 48 hour exposure and after 96 hour exposure of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and common carp (Cyprinus carpio), and genotoxicity were confirmed using comet assay in erythrocyte of fish. The result found that average chemical parameters removal efficiency of discharged from RO process was 95.1%, whereas the average toxic organic compounds removal was 99.9%. In acute testing, it was found that acute toxicity tends to decrease along the treatment process, until non-appear the mortality in effluent from RO. Furthermore, this treatment could reduce the level of DNA damage of Nile Tilapia and common carp after 7 and 14 exposures. In case of Nile tilapia, the level of DNA damage was reduced from 11.74% and 24.28% into 1.04% and 0.95%, whereas common carp were reduced from 11.56% and 17.18% into 1.06% and 1.08% respectively