Facilitating factors and barriers for intention to accept HPV vaccine among young females in Hanoi - Viet Nam

Abstract

The objectives of the study were to assess facilitating factors and barriers for intention to get HPV vaccine among 15-25 years old females in Hanoi, Vietnam based on Health Belief Model framework. This research study was a cross-sectional research. Simple random sampling and cluster random sampling were used to select the participants. Overall, 386 young female agreed to answer the questionnaire. Data were collected by using constructed questionnaire and analyzed by percentage, mean, standard deviation, the independent t-test, chi-square test and logistic regression model. The results showed that young Vietnamese female had insufficient knowledge on HPV (80%) and HPV vaccine (58%). The predictors for intention to accept HPV vaccine among young female in Vietnam are knowledge on HPV vaccine (OR= 1.97, CI: 1.16-3.33), perceived benefit (OR= 3.08., CI: 1.45-6.54), perceived barriers (OR=0.314., CI: 0.13-0.75) and health care provider’s consultation (OR= 4.24., CI: 1.917-9.41). The facilitating factors which encourage young females use HPV vaccine in future are their demands to protect their health from cervical cancer and genital warts, their belief of the effectiveness of HPV vaccine. On the other hand, barriers towards their intention to get HPV vaccine include lacking of information related to HPV and HPV vaccine, being afraid of vaccine’s side effect and the cost of the vaccine. This study’s recommendations include organizing broader and more intense educational programs about knowledge on HPV and HPV vaccine to all the people, especially for those who are at the recommended age to use the vaccine. In addition, the study recommends to adopt health policies which partly finance the HPV vaccination to reducing the out-of pocket cost of the vaccine for young women and to encourage them to get vaccination.