Bioactive compounds from Andrographis paniculata and Caesalpinia bonduc

Abstract

In phytochemical investigation of isolated compounds from Andrographis paniculata and Casealpinia bonduc, the ethyl acetate and methanol crude extract of A. paniculata purified by chromatographic techniques to afford seven known compounds; andrographolide (1), 14-deoxy-11,12-didehydroandrographolide (2), neoandrogapholide (3), andrographiside (4). 5,2'-dihydroxy-7,8-dimethoxyflavone (5),8-O-acetylharpagide (6) and antirrinoside (7). Iridoid glucosides 6 and 7 were fist isolated from this plant. On the otherhand, the chromatography of the ethyl acetate crude extract of C. bonduc led to the isoation of one new cassane diterpenoid, caesalpinin Q(17), along with nine known cassanes; caesalpinin C(8), caesalpinin P (9), 14(17-dehydrocaesalpin F(10), E-caesalpin (11), bonducellpins C (12), caesalpinin K (13), caesalmin B (14), caesalpinin I (15), and 2-acetoxycaesaldekarin e (16). The chemical structures of all isolated compounds were established on the basis of spectroscopic data and compared to literatures. Pure isolated compounds were also evaluated for antimalarial and cytotoxic activity. Compounds 1 and 5 showed good antimalarial activity against chloroquine-resistant K1 strain of Plasmodium falcipaum with IC50 values of 17.0 and 6.46 uM, respectively. Moreover, compounds 2 and 5 exhibited moderate cytotoxicity on Hep-G2, SW620 cell lines, and showed strong cytotoxicity on KATO-3 cell lines. For cassane diterpenoids isolated from C.bonduc, all compounds showed significant antimalarial activity, but exhibited weak or inactive cytotoxicity against all tested cell lines.