RISK FACTORS OF TYPE II DIABETES MELLITUS AMONG PEOPLE AGED 40 AND ABOVE IN BAN NA MAKHUEA SUB-DISTRICT SAHATSAKHAN DISTRICT KALASIN PROVINCE THAILAND

Abstract

This case-control study aims to explore the factors association with diabetes type 2 (DMT2) among people aged 40 years and over in Ban-Na Makhuea sub-district, Sahatsakhan district, Kalasin province. The structured questionnaire with face to face interview was used in this study to collect the socio-demographic characteristics, lifestyle and health status of the respondents. Total respondents were 374 persons included people with 187 DMT2 and 187 non-DM respondents from 6 villages of this sub-district. Analysis of the factors associated to DMT2 was performed using logistic regression. The results found that most of respondents aged between 50-59 years (33.2 % of DM group and 34.8% of non-DM group). Over 70 % of them are married (77.5% of DM group and 76.5% of non-DM group). Majority of respondents were employee (56% of DM group & 52.4% of non-DM group), education level below undergraduate (56.4% and 52.4% in DM and non-DM group, respectively). In term of Lifestyle behavior, eating behaviors was in moderate level and performing physical activities of the respondents was at good level. The relating factors with DMT2 in this study were history of DM in family and age at first smoking. Respondents who had diabetes parent or siblings was 6 times more risk of diabetes (OR = 4.006, 95% CI = 2.555-6.283, p-value < 0.001) compared with respondents who did not had diabetes parent and respondents who start smoking at aged below 21 years old was 2 times more risk to develop diabetes than who start smoking at aged above 20 (OR=2.369, 95% CI =1.416-3.964, p-value < 0.001). There was no different risk found between smoker and non-smoker, and current smoker and ex-smoker. The finding was suggested that history of DM in family and start smoking at aged below 21 related with DMT2. Thus, strategic planning or education program to promote and non-smoking behavior in the teenager should be conducted. This would have benefit for diabetes and other non-communicable diseases prevention. Promoting regularly exercises and the knowledge of diabetes prevention should be provided to the community.