Synthesis of azo reactive dyes containing quaternary ammonium group as temporarily solubilizing group

Abstract

Cationic azo reactive dyes containing quaternary ammonium group as temporarily solubilizing group were synthesized from 3- nitroaniline and fast bordeaux salt GP coupling with aniline. The obtained chromophores were reacted firstly with cyanuric chloride and then N-(2-aminoethyl) pyridiniumchloride hydrochloride. TLC technique was used to follow the chemical reaction. UV-Visible spectrophotometer, 1H-NMR and FT-IR spectroscopy were employed to confirm the chemical structure of the dyes. Dyeing of these synthesized dyes on cellulosic fiber was carried out in the absence of salt. The results showed that the exhaustion was quite low as well as the consequent fixation. However, the wash fastness and light fastness obtained were markedly improved compared to the conventional cationic dyes on cellulose. It was believed that quaternary ammonium group which could cause the photodegradation of dye chromophore was eliminated under alkaline soaping.