Use of polyacrylonitrile as anodic artificial solid electrolyte interphase for aqueous-based zinc-ion batteries

Abstract

Rechargeable aqueous zinc-ion batteries (ZIBs) have attracted attention for energy storage systems because of their high specific capacity, low cost, and safety. However, practical application of the zinc anode in mild acidic electrolytes is limited by several issues such as dendrite formation, corrosion, hydrogen evolution reaction, passivation and relatively low cycling performance. Coating the zinc anode with graphite (GP) (GP@Zn) can partially solve these issues and improves the cycling performance of ZIB. However, after long-term charge/discharge cycles, zinc tends to migrate and redeposit over the surface of GP owing to the electronic conductivity of GP particles. Thus, after long-term cycling, the issues mentioned are back. Fabrication of artificial solid electrolyte interphase (ASEI) on the surface of the zinc anode shows high potential for solving these issues. In this work, polyacrylonitrile (PAN) with zinc trifluoromethanesulfonate (Zn(CF3SO3)2) (PANZ) as ASEI was coated on the GP layer onto the zinc anode (PANZ@GP@Zn), and compared with the anode having GP coated layers and pristine zinc anode. The coating layer was prepared by the doctor blading method. The result showed that the PANZ@GP@Zn anode can reduce zinc deposition over the anode surface when compared with the GP@Zn anode, leading to the high cycling stability of ZIBs and extending the battery's life.