The efficacy of (PDADMAC/PSS)9/PSS-co-MA coated polycaprolactone/Hydroxyapatite scaffold improve new bone formation : an invitro and in vivo study

Abstract

Grafting material is necessary for large defect reconstruction. Autograft is an ideal treatment for bone reconstruction, however some limitation still. Therefore, development in an alternative ‘scaffold’ to replace autograft comes to attention. Polycaprolactone/hydroxyapatite (PCL/HAp) scaffold which had been proved morphology and mechanical properties could support bone formation. This study developed the PCL/HAp scaffold by the concept of polyelectrolyte multilayer coating with Poly(4-styrenesulfonic acid-co-maleic acid) sodium salt (PSS-co-MA), Poly(diallyldimethyl-ammonium chloride) (PDADMAC) and Poly(sodium 4-styrene sulfonate) (PSS). This technique had been proved on planar material as glass and PCL membrane that had better wettability and could promoted osteoblast differentiation and also induce bone formation in murine calvarials defects at 6 weeks. This PEM coating (layer by layer) was combined onto the PCL/HAp scaffold surface and evaluated the ability of cell adhesion, proliferation, differentiation and mineralization of MC3T2-E1 cells. The results showed PSS-co-MA coating scaffold surface expressed increasingly MTT and calcium deposition. For in vivo new bone formation, PSS-co-MA coating PCL/HAp scaffold was implanted into circular defect of rat femur bone. Histological analysis of bone formation increased from 1 weeks and completed in 6 weeks. From in vivo and in vitro testing indicated that the (PDADMAC/PSS)9/PSS-co-MA coated scaffold could be the material of choice for bone tissue engineering.