The effect of parent involvement-child behavioral management program among children with ADHD

Abstract

This quasi-experimental pretest-posttest control group design aims to examine the effectiveness of the Parent Involvement-Child Behavioral Management Program (PICBMP) in reducing symptoms among ADHD children. Sixty-four children aged 6–12 years with ADHD were randomly assigned to either the experimental or control group by using a random number table, consisting of thirty-two participants in each group. The participants in the experimental group participated in the PICBMP and usual care with medication, while those in the control group received the usual care with medication. The PICBMP based on Behaviorally-based treatment (Goodman &Scott, 1997), consists of eight weeks of behavior management which included four-phase; needs assessment, behavior analysis, behavior modification, and evaluation. Standardized measures of Swanson, Nolan, and Pelham-IV (SNAP-IV) were applied to evaluate the ADHD symptoms (CVI=1.00, Cronbach’s alpha = .76) among parents before and after receiving either the PICBMP or usual care. Independent t-test and paired t-test were used for data analysis, with a p-value <.05.

The results found that ADHD symptoms in children who received the PICBMP were significantly lower than in the children who received the usual care compared to pretest and posttest; inattention (t=-5.208, p-value=.000), hyperactivity/impulsivity (t=-3.534, p-value =.001). However, there was no significant lower in the oppositional defiant subset(ODD) (t= -1.549, p-value=.127). The ADHD symptoms in the experimental group decreased significantly after receiving the PICBMP; inattention (t=9.933, p-value=.000), hyperactivity/impulsivity (t=12.544, p-value =.000), ODD (t=6.030, p-value =.000). This finding supports the effectiveness of the PICBMP in reducing ADHD symptoms.