Rhodium complexes in zeolite Y as hybrid catalists for hydroformylation of olefins

Abstract

Zeolite Y was synthesized from a mixture of sodium silicate, sodium aluminate, sodium hydroxide, aluminium sulfate and water. The gel component obtained was 1.9 Na₂O: Al₂O₃: 6SiO₂: 100H₂O. A slurry of nucleation centers or seeds containing 16.2Na₂O: 1.2Al₂O₃: 15SiO₂: 640H₂O was added to the gel. The mixture was thoroughly stirred and crystallized at 100 °C for 40 to 60 hours. The zeolite obtained was highly crystalline NaY with Si/Al=2.3. To form zeolite HY, the zeolite NaY was ion exchanged with ammonium chloride solution and subsequently heated at 450 °C to remove ammonia. Acetylacetonatodicarbonylrhodium was a catalytic precursor which was anchored to the surface of dehydrated zeolites NaY or HY by mixing them in n-hexane and stirred for 10 hours under nitrogen. From IR data it was found that the acetylacetonate ligand on the rhodium atom was substituted by zeolitic oxygen. Both zeolites loaded with acetylacetonatodicarbonylrhodium can catalyze hydroformylation of propylene and 1-hexene.