Chemical constituents from the roots of Cladogynos orientalis Zipp. ex Span. and their biological activity

Abstract

In a search for bioactive substances, dried and ground roots of Cladogynos orientalis Zipp. ex Span. Were extracted with hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and ethanol. The hexane, dichloromethane and ethyl acetate crude extracts showed very high cytotoxicity to brine shrimp (Artermia salina Linn.) Fractioantion of thers crude extracts by column chromatography led to the isolation of two mixtures and mixtures and eight compounds. They included one new compound 4α, 8α , 9α-trimethyl-12-(13-furanyl)-5,12-epoxy-2-oxo-cleroda-l(10),ll(12)-diene-4-methyl ester (chettaphanin III) along with two mixtures and seven known compounds, a mixture of long chain aliphatic esters, a mixture of steroids (stigmasterol and β-sitosterol), β-sitosterol, chettaphanin I, chettaphanin II , cyperenoic acid, scopoletin, (-)-spathulenol and taraxerol. The structure of chettaphanin III, mew furanoditerpene, was elucidated by spectroscopic methods. Chettaphanin II, cyperenoic acid, (-)-spathulenol III showed cytotoxicity to brine shrimp with LC₅₀ 19.95 , 32.58 , 72.64 and 79.54 µg/ml.,respectively. In addition, cyperenoic acid also showed significant antificant antibacterial activity against E. coli, B.cereus, S. aureus, S. derby, and antifungal activity against Cladosporium albicans.