Preparation of chitosan beads containing and control releasing of saponin against golden apple snail Pomacea canaliculata

Abstract

Chitosan beads have been prepared to contain and control the release of saponin which used to against golden apple snails. The morphology of chitosan beads were characterized by FTIR and SEM. The formation of chitosan beads have a regular spherical shape with regular size prepared by using 2% w/v of chitosan solution with mixed solution of 10%w/v sodium hydroxide, 1% w/v of sodium tripolyphosphated and 50% v/v of ethyl alcohol. Ten percentage of saponin (w/w) was loaded into chitosan matrix found that higher amount of saponin was released when compared with loading of 1% saponin (w/w). Furthermore, mixed tea seed meal in chitosan matrix with ratio of 1:3 w/w affected beads properties such as bigger bead sizes, rough surface and more water swelling that enhanced the amount of saponin release when compared with natural chitosan beads. Release behavior of saponin were studied in deionize water and calcium chloride solution, it was found that more release of saponin in deionized water. Moreover, toxic testing of saponin with other living animals in agriculture such as Nile Tilapia fish and Pomacea Canaliculata snails showed LC50 values of saponin to Nile Tilapia fish and P. Canaliculata snails were 2.13 ppm in 72 hours and 7.45 ppm in 96 hours. In addition, rice that treated saponin with concenetration of 10-50 ppm had been increase growing and high productivity. Summary it can be conclude that the mixture of chitosan and tea seed meal beads containing saponin have a potential to develop as molluscicide against golden apple snails with friendly environment.