Neurovascular syndrome is a dysfunction of an individual cranial nerve which is compressed by vessels. Several neurovascular compression syndromes are well known such as trigeminal neuralgia, hemifacial spasm, and ...

The infraorbital nerve block is commonly used for mid-facial anesthesia. Therefore, the location of infraorbital foramen (IOF) and accessory infraorbital foramen (AIOF) where the nerve exits through is important. Although, ...

Anatomical knowledge of the occipital condyle (OC) and its relationships to surrounding structures is important for avoiding injury during craniovertebral junction (CVJ) surgeries such as the far lateral approach (FLA). ...

Flexor hallucis longus (FHL) transfer is a widely used technique for reconstruction of Achilles tendinopathies, but the complications such as neurovascular injury and functional loss of toes have been reported. This study ...

The precise information for SPR and IPR reattachment is essential for the prevention of recurrent symptom of peroneal tendon dislocation/subluxation. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the characteristics, ...