Predicting factors of quality of life among coronary artery disease patients post percutaneous coronary intervention

Abstract

The purpose of this survey research for causal analysis was to examine the relationships between cardiac self-efficacy, social support, left ventricular ejection fraction, angina, dyspnea, depression, vital exhaustion, functional performance, and quality of life in coronary artery disease patients (CAD) post Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI). The conceptual framework was guided by the revised Wilson and Cleary model. 303 patients with coronary artery disease post PCI participated in this study. The research instruments included demographic data questionnaire, quality of life index-cardiac version IV, Cardiac Self-efficacy Scale, the Social Support Questionnaire, the Rose questionnaire for angina, the Rose Dyspnea Scale, the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, the short-form health survey: vitality subscale (VT), and Functional Performance Inventory Short-Form, having reliability ranging from 0.72 to 0.98. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistic and a linear structural relationship (LISREL) analysis. The results showed that the hypothesized model fit the empirical data and explained 54% of the variance in quality of life (chi-square = 1.90, df=3, p=.59, chi-square/df=.63, RMSEA=.00, GFI=.99, AGFI=.98). The significant factors directly affected on quality of life of CAD patients post PCI were social support, depression, vital exhaustion and self-efficacy, the value of standardized path coefficients were .307, .239, .235, and .205, respectively. Self-efficacy is the only variable that had indirect effect on quality of life (β = .212, p<.001). These results contribute to a better understanding of the variables that predict quality of life in CAD patients post PCI. Thus, nurses need to be aware of the effects of these contributing factors and develop appropriate nursing interventions to improve quality of life in CAD patients post PCI.