Abstract:
Needle stick injury (NSIs) is the major transmission source of blood borne infection among health care workers all over the world. Medical students are at a risk of needle stick injury with acquisition of blood-borne infection by pathogens while performing their clinical activities in the hospitals. To prevent from transmission of disease through injury, medical students should have knowledge on universal precaution of needle stick injury and preventive measures. This study was aim to study the effectiveness of Melaka Manipal Medical College (MMMC) needle stick injury prevention model on accidental needle sticks injury prevention among medical in Melaka, Malaysia.
The study design was randomized control trial, intervention program emphasize on health education on needle stick injury prevention and universal precaution measure was carried out among the students of Melaka Manipal Medical College. Focus group discussion was carried out to develop the model and to evaluate the questionnaires. The students were randomized into two group based on their clinical posting. Intervention groups received the health education intervention based on the model and the effectiveness was measured by using pre and post test questionnaires. McNemar’s test was used to compare the difference of categorical variables. For pre and post intervention analysis for same population, Paired T test wasused and for comparison between intervention and control group, student t test wasused.
There were total 316 medical students participated in this study, 136 (43.0%) in intervention and 180(57.0%) in control groups. The prevalence of needle stick injury in intervention groups was decreased from 25(18.4%) to 4(2.9%) after intervention and it was statistically significant. The finding reveals that both the knowledge and perception of students on needle stick injury was increased after intervention and it was statistically significant Implementing the MMMC needle stick injury model to medical students gave them increased in knowledge regarding needle stick injury prevention measure and motivates them to apply this knowledge in their daily clinical practice, which would lead to decrease incidence of needle stick injury among the students.
