THE ROLE OF COENZYME Q10 AND CIRCUIT RESISTANCE TRAINING ON ENERGY EXPEDITURE AT REST AND DURING SUBMAXIMAL TREADMILL WALKING IN 40-60 YEARS OLD OVERWEIGHT WOMEN

Abstract

The objectives of this study were to investigate the role of coenzyme Q10 and/or circuit resistance training on energy expenditure at rest and during submaximal treadmill walking and to determine whether CoQ10 could alter energy expenditure in 40-60 years old overweight women. The sample used in this study were employees of the Bank of Thailand for 48 people, divided into four groups by the selection of volunteers who met the criteria for selection into the sample by electronic mail (Email) and were obtained by purposive sampling for more specific predefined groups based on the particular purpose of the experiment. Participants were divided into 4 groups of 12 people, including group 1 (CoQ10) with supplemented CoQ10 only, group 2 (Ex) with circuit resistance training only, group 3 (Ex&CoQ10) with both supplemented coenzyme Q10 and circuit resistance training and Group 4 control group. Instruments used in this research for pretest and posttest after twelve weeks of program were The Physical Activity Readiness Questionnaire (PAR-Q) for assessing participation before exercise, elastic exercise band (Sanctband®) for fitness training and coenzyme Q10 (100 mg soft-gels by TrueNature®, USP Verified, USA). CoQ10 was taken as 100 mg capsules two times daily after a meal for 12 weeks. Statistical analyses were performed with SPSS software version 17. Descriptive statistic including frequency distribution, percentage, mean and standard deviation were used to analyze the demographic data. The Kolmogorov - Smirnov test was used to assess normal distribution. One-way Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) was used to determine the difference between groups of subjects by using pretreatment evaluation as covariate and the differences in pairs of means among groups were made by Fisher's Least Significant Difference (LSD) test. Paired t-test was used to determine the difference between results of before and after treatment. Pearson’s Product Moment Correlation was used to present the relationships. P values of less than 0.05 were considered to indicate statistical significance.

After treatment, the results showed that VO2Max was found to be significantly increased in group 1 (CoQ10), group 2 (Ex) and group3 (Ex&CoQ10) and there were significant differences between all experiment groups and the control group. Moreover, plasma coenzyme Q10 levels was found to be significantly increased within all groups. However, there were significant differences in plasma coenzyme Q10 levels between group 1 (CoQ10) and control group, group 1 (CoQ10) and group 2 (Ex), group 3 (Ex&CoQ10) and control group as well as group 3 (Ex&CoQ10) and group 2 (Ex). In addition, it was also found that weight and BMI were significantly decreased in group 2 (Ex) and group 3 (Ex&CoQ10). Fat free mass (FFM) was found to be significantly decreased in group 3 (Ex&CoQ10) but fat mass (FM) was found to be significantly decreased in group 2 (Ex), group 3 (Ex&CoQ10) and group 4 (control group). Resting energy expenditure (REE) was found to be significantly decreased in group 1 (CoQ10), group 2 (Ex) and group 4 (control group).Triglyceride (mg/dl) was found to be significantly increased in control group. Walking energy expenditure, glucose levels, cholesterol, LDL and HDL were found to be no significant differences among all groups in both before and after treatment.

It was concluded in this study that after treatment no significant differences were found in energy expenditure at rest and during submaximal treadmill walking among all groups. However, maximum oxygen consumption (Vo2Max) and plasma coenzyme Q10 levels were likely found to have positive effects in overweight subjects with supplemented coenzyme Q10 and/or circuit resistance training. Moreover, the researcher found low positive correlation between maximum oxygen consumption (VO2Max) and plasma coenzyme Q10 levels.