Performance improvement of paging mobile internet protocol based on multicasting and regional registration

Abstract

Paging Mobile Internet Protocol can reduce signaling cost and power consumption in Mobile Internet Protocol (Mobile IP) significantly by utilizing the idle state of the Mobile Node. Paging Mobile IP, however, still use the same registration method as Mobile IP. Registration takes long delay if Mobile Node roams far way from its Home Agent. Therefore, Paging Mobile IP still has poor performance in terms of handoff latency and number of lost packets. In this research, we propose to combine Paging Mobile IP with regional registration and multicasting to improve its performance. Gateway Foreign Agent is introduced in the visited domain to handle regional registration and paging process. We apply multicasting to send packets from Gateway Foreign Agent to Mobile Node so that the Mobile Node can receive packets as soon as it moves to new cell. Two methods are proposed. The first method uses Network Layer information for movement detection and construction of multicast group while the second method utilizes Link Layer information for the same purposes. We simulate our proposed methods by using Borland Delphi 7 and compare their performance to Mobile IP, Paging Mobile IP, Paging Mobile IP Post Registration, and Paging Mobile IP Regional Registration in terms of handoff latency, number of lost packets, signaling cost, and data hop. Simulation results in all scenarios show that our proposed methods perform much better than original Paging Mobile IP Protocol. Proposed Method 1 has the best performance in terms of handoff latency and number of lost packets among all protocols that use Network Layer information for movement detection. Furthermore, Proposed Method 2 also performs better than Paging Mobile IP Post Registration in most scenarios.