Fractal properties of bone trabeculae for implant stability evaluation

Abstract

Objectives: This investigation aimed to explore the correlation between fractal dimension (FD) and two primary implant stability parameters: Implant stability quotient (ISQ) and Insertion torque (IT).

Materials and methods: Patients, receiving implant placement at Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University between 2011 and 2017, were screened according to study criteria. Demographic data of the patient and details of implant treatment were recorded. CBCT data acquired 6 months prior to implantation was used, while imaging related variables were documented. Paired t-test was applied between FD derived from areas emphasizing height and width. All possible affecting factors to ISQ and IT, including FD, were analyzed using univariate analysis. Subsequently, all factors with significant correlation were re-analyzed and adjusted with multiple linear regression.

Results: There was no difference between FD values from the 2 areas. (p=0.779) ISQ values were significantly affected by implant diameter and jaw bones. (p <0.001) No significant correlation was found between ISQ and FD. No confounding factor to IT was found. Significant correlation between IT and FD was revealed only in the mandible with a model: IT = 92.168 – 71.112(FD). (R2 = 0.145, p = 0.026)

Conclusion: A significant correlation was shown between FD and IT in mandibular samples. No correlation between FD and ISQ was found under this study condition. Implant diameter and jaw type for implantation were found to influence ISQ value.