Immune response in mice procuced by lecithin and carboxymethyl chiten walled tetanus toxoid microcapsules

Abstract

Long acting tetanus toxoid microcapsules were prepared by modified interfacial deposition technique using purified egg yolk lecithin and carboxy methyl chitin as wall materials. The microcapsules were separated by centrifugal technique and the size distribution were divided in to three groups as A, B, and C respectively. To compare the potency of the tetanus toxoid microcapsules as a long acting tetanus toxoid with a conventional one; eight groups of mice, each group of 140 mice were immunized with 1-8 formular samples: phosphate buffer saline solution pH 7.4 (PBS pH 7.4), tetanus toxoid (TT), tetanus toxoid microcapsule A (TTMA), tetanus toxoid microcapsules B (TTMB), tetanus toxoid microcapsules C (TTMC), mixture of TT and TTMA, mixture of TT and TTME, mixture of TT and TTMC respectively. Tetanus toxoid could completely protect the mice from tetanus toxin only during day 7-90. The protection by tetanus toxoid microcapsules started from day 15 until 180. TTMB gave the best protection when compared with TTMA and TTMC. To determine the liters level after immunized with tetanus toxoid preparations, the hemagglutination technique was performed. Eight groups of mice were immunized as same as potency test. The results showed that vaccination with TT alone, the protective levels that higher than 1.0 unit/ml were obtained from day 30 and last long only until day 75. While with TTMA, the level was during day 75-120, and TTME was during day 30-180, and TTMC was during day 30-90. Tetanus toxoid and tetanus toxoid microcapsules were mixed by using equal volume and used for immunization. It has been shown that the mixture of TT and TTME gave the best immune response. (p > 0.05) The protective level persisted during day 15-180.