Biological activities of phenolic compounds extracted from some plant species from east Kalimantan province, Indonesia

Abstract

Ten medicinal plants used in this study are based on the experience of Dayak tribes. The scientific information about these plants are still limited, therefore, the objective of the present study was to analyze their phenolic content and biological activities. A selected species was subjected to successive extraction and compound isolation. The total phenolic content and total antioxidant capacity were analyzed by using Folin-Ciocalteu reagent and the phosphomolybdenum method, respectively. DPPH and ABTS assays were used for analyzing antioxidant activities. The antibacterial activity was performed against six bacterial strains by agar well diffusion and microdilution methods. The anti-tyrosinase activity used L-tyrosine substrate, whereas the antidiabetic assay used sucrose and maltose substrates. Human breast cancer cells (MDA-MB-231) were used for the anticancer activity test, while human keratinocyte cells (HaCaT) were used for the cytotoxicity effect and wound healing activity. Silica gel column chromatography and 1H NMR were performed for compound isolation. The results showed that Rhodomyrtus tomentosa had broad-bioactivities, Elaeocarpus submonoceras could be applied as antioxidant, anti-tyrosinase, and antidiabetic agents, while Entada phaseoloides as antioxidant, anti-tyrosinase, and anticancer agents. Goniothalamus macrophyllus and Pogostemon cablin could be used as antioxidant and anticancer agents. Lastly, Helicia robusta and Litsea elliptica is applicable as antioxidant, antidiabetic, and anticancer agents. The gallic acid was successfully isolated from E. submonoceras leaves extract. These findings suggest that these plants are potential as natural medicine and health supplement.