Effect of food impaction in the interproximal of implant supported fixed restoration towards oral health related quality of life

Abstract

Objectives: To investigate the effect of food impaction between dental implant and adjacent teeth to the patients’ quality of life and periodontal/peri-implant tissue conditions. Materials and methods: Patients with implant supported single crown (ISSC) having implant checkup at the Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University between July 2019 and July 2020 were recruited. Food impaction was evaluated by either patients’ experience or clinical examination by dentist. Self-administrative Oral impacts on Daily Performance questionnaire was used to assess the effect of food impaction to patients’ quality of life. Clinical and radiographic examination was performed to evaluate periodontal/peri-implant tissue conditions. Results: Totally 178 patients with 286 ISSC and 410 proximal spaces, were included in this study. Food impaction was reported by patient and clinically found by dentist in 134 patients which two-third of them were affected in daily activities from minor to severe especially cleaning teeth and eating. Plaque presence at ISSC, pocket depth at adjacent tooth, and fully papilla fill were associated with food impaction at P-value<0.05. In addition, contact length, contact point level, horizontal implant tooth distance, and embrasure surface area found significant difference between food impaction and no food impaction group (P-value<0.05). However, there was no significant difference in bleeding on probing at implant and tooth, bone level at implant, and bone level at tooth between food impaction and no food impaction group (P-value>0.05). Conclusion: Food impaction in the interproximal of implant supported fixed restoration affected patients’ quality of life from minor to severe especially cleaning teeth and eating. In addition, it was also related with plaque presence at ISSC and increase probing depth at adjacent tooth.