Exploring the barriers to education and employment for Hmong women in Sapa, Vietnam

Abstract

In the mountainous region of Sapa, Vietnam, the Hmong community navigates the complex interplay of preserving their cultural identity amidst immense pressure to modernize. This thesis, centered on Hmong women, delves into their selective adaptation to contemporary challenges, particularly in education and employment. Using document research, a survey, and fieldwork this study draws from both historical data and firsthand accounts. These findings highlight significant disparities in educational attainment and employment opportunities when compared to the national average. Notably, issues of linguistic barriers, cultural priorities, and systemic underrepresentation emerge as primary obstacles. This research illuminates the unique socio-economic dynamics faced by Hmong women, offering valuable insights for policymakers, NGOs, and academia. As Vietnam progresses in an ever-changing globalized world, understanding and integrating the nuanced experiences of marginalized communities like Hmong women becomes essential so that no one is left behind.