Analysis of efficiency of container operations with automated system:a case study of Laemchabang port

Abstract

This study analyzed an automated system of container operations at Laem Chabang Port, Thailand. Due to the rapid growth in demand at the port, the throughput volume cannot reach the requirement, has difficulty in unskilled worker recruitment, working hours are limited, and has limitation on the terminal area. Therefore, an automated system is planned to replace the conventional container operations; this will also support the Port Authority of Thailand's encouragement of using automation technology. Along with the increasing the level of port development and enhancement of the container terminal port to be competitive in the world trade arena by developing and managing infrastructure and facilities to meet world-class standards. This study assumes an automatic system for container handling through the combination of machines, i.e., a semi-automated ship-to-shore gantry crane, an automated rubber-tired gantry crane, and an automated guided vehicle for the container movement. The specification of machines was obtained from the existing available technology in the marketplace. The data collected from the literature performance evaluation of container port outputs is simulated using ARENA software. The analysis showed that the automated system could improve operations in many aspects such as berth occupancy, ship waiting time, ship turnaround time, machine utilization, and resulting in much better container throughputs. Lastly, this paper summarizes the port's main advantages and challenges if the automated system is implemented.