Effect of nanoclay compositions on biodegradability of methyl cellulose/montmorillonite nanocomposites

Abstract

This research aims to develop methyl cellulose (MC), a biodegradable polymer by using two methods. The first method is the use of montmorillonite (MMT) as nanoreinforcement for preparation of nanocomposites. The second one is the use of glutaraldehyde (GA) to promote covalent linkages between MC polymer chains. In comparison of the rendered films from two methods with pure MC, some characterizations such as the analysis of morphology, thermal properties, dynamic mechanical properties, tensile properties, moisture absorption, water solubility, and biodegradability were determined. MC/MMT nanocomposite films prepared by MMT suspension was exfoliated nanocomposite which was comfirmed by XRD and TEM results. In the crosslinked system, the FTIR spectra revealed the crosslink density between MC and GA. This value was proportional to the GA content, and optimum GA content was 4.5wt%. In addition, MC prepared from both methods was capable to enhance different properties. The MC/MMT nanocomposites could significantly improve tensile properties (65% for tensile modulus and 35% for tensile strength), while MC crosslinked film could outstandingly increase thermal properties (15% for T[subscript g]) and water solubility properties. The crosslinkage technique had more potential to hinder the biodegradation process. In 6 weeks, the CO emission of crosslinked films was reduced around 80% in comparison with that of pure MC.