Effect of angelica dahurica extract on platelet aggregation in rat

Abstract

Kot Sor is one of Thai traditional medicine. It is used for improvement of circulatory system. The aims of this study were to investigate the effect of Angelica dahurica extract (ADE) on platelet aggregation, coagulation and gastric lesion in rat. From in vitro model, ADE at 1 mg/ml significantly inhibited ADP (5 µM)-induced platelet aggregation by 25.5±3.8 % (p<0.05) when compare with vehicle control. ADE inhibited COX-2 enzyme more potent than COX-1 enzyme with IC50 of 0.03 and 0.76 mg/ml, respectively. In vivo model, rats were treated with ADE 25, 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg orally for 7 days. ADE at 100, 200 mg/kg significantly inhibited ADP (5 µM)-induced platelet aggregation by 41.1±8.7% (p<0.001) and 45.1±8.9% (p<0.001) when compare with control group. The combination of ADE 200 mg/kg and ASA 80 mg/kg significantly inhibited ADP-induced platelet aggregation more than those treated with ASA alone by 84.7±8.6% vs. 47.0±11.3% (p<0.001). Moreover, the effects of ADE on coagulation parameters were evaluated by PT, aPTT and TT assays, all group of ADE did not affect to coagulation parameter. Finally, ADE did not change macroscopic morphology and pathohistology including submucosal edema, mucosal hemorrhage, epithelial cell loss and infiltration of inflammatory cell. In conclusion, Angelica dahurica extracts can inhibit ADP-induced rat platelet aggregation both in vitro and in vivo model. The mechanism of action may involve in the inhibition of COX-1 enzyme and ADP-induced pathway in platelets. ADE did not affect to coagulation parameter and gastric adverse effect. Moreover, the combination of ADE and ASA increase antiplatelet aggregation effect without increasing gastric lesion.