Association among anterior maxillary dental arch form, alveolar bone thickness and sagittal root position of maxillary central incisor : a cone beam computed tomography analysis

Abstract

Purpose: This study evaluated the association among the dental arch form, age-sex groups, and sagittal root position regarding alveolar bone thickness in the maxillary central incisor using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images.

Materials and Methods: CBCT images of 280 patients were categorized based on the dental arch form and age-sex groups. Five hundred and sixty sagittal CBCT images of the maxillary central incisors were examined to measure the labial and palatal bone thickness at the root apex level, at the mid-root level and 3 mm apically from cemento-enamel junction, with SRP classification. Chi-square, Kruskal-Wallis test, and multiple linear regression were used for statistical analyses.

Results: Significant differences in alveolar bone thickness among the arch form and SRP. Square dental arch form and class I SRP showed the highest bone thickness at root apex levels of the palatal aspect. Taper dental arch form and class II SRP presented the highest bone thickness at the apex level of the labial aspect. No association between the distribution of dental arch form and SRP was found. The elderly female was significantly associated with thinner alveolar bone thickness and showed the negative correlation at all sites.

Conclusion: The patient's dental arch form, age-sex group, and sagittal root position affect their alveolar bone around maxillary central incisors in varying magnitude. Therefore, the clinician should take these combinations of factors into account when planning implant placement.