Characterization and miscibility analysis of ternary blends containing low molar mass liquid crystal

Abstract

The effects on molecular motion observed through early stage phase separation via spinodal decomposition, in melt mixed poly(styrene-co-acrylonitrile) (SAN) containing 25% by weight of acrylonitrile (AN) and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) (20/80 %wt) blends after adding two low molar mass liquid crystals (CBC33 and CBC53) and two lubricants (GMS and Zinc stearate) were investigated using light scattering techniques. The samples were assessed in terms of the apparent diffusion coefficient (D[subscript app]) obtained from observation of phase separation in the blends. The early stages of phase separation as observed by light scattering were dominated by diffusion processes and approximately conformed to the Cahn-Hilliard linearised theory. The major effect of liquid crystal (LC) was to increase the molecular mobility of the blends. The LC generally increased the Cahn-Hilliard apparent diffusion coefficient, D [subscript app], of the blend when added with concentrations as low as 0.2 %wt. GMS and zinc stearate can also improve the mobility of the blend but to a lesser extent and the effect does not increase at higher concentration. On the other hand, the more LC added, the higher the mobility. In all systems the second derivative of the Gibbs free energy becomes zero at the same temperature. The improved mobility seem therefore to arise from changes in dynamics rather than thermodynamic effects.