Role of surface topography and protein adsorption on film scaffolds on bone cells behavior

Abstract

The treatment of bone defects requires an appropriate scaffold to regenerate bone tissue. Polycaprolactone films were prepared by solvent-casting technique in different solvents. Polycaprolactone is attractive because it has non-toxic by-products, low cost, and is biocompatible and biodegradable. The hydrophilicity of polycaprolactone can be improved by introducing amino groups via aminolysis, then immobilization the proteins (collagen and albumin) on the surface to improve cell attachment and proliferation. This work focused on the effect of pre-adsorption of albumin (200, 1500 and 3000 µg/mL) and adsorption of collagen (100 µg/mL) on the surface as well as the response to attachment and proliferation of the mouse osteoblastic cells. Polycaprolactone films were characterized for surface morphology by Scanning electron microscope and Atomic forced microscope, Identification functional group of polycaprolactone by Fourier transform infrared spectrometer, protein adsorption determination by UV-Vis spectrophotometer and surface wettability by contact angle measurements. Biological characterizations investigated indirect cytotoxicity evaluation via methylthiazol tetrazolium assay, and observation of cell attachment and proliferation using scanning electron microscope. The results concluded that the surface-modified films were not harmful to cells. PCL film casted from EtOH/THF had higher cells attachment and proliferation than film casted from chloroform because porous surface affected to promote cell. Furthermore, the BSA system was able to support the cell growth while other systems did not encourage the cell growth as well as BSA system did. Therefore, collagen that had been adsorbed on the surface in the second step, it did not support to cell growth.