PROPOSED GUIDELINES FOR ORGANIZING NON-FORMAL EDUCATION TO ENHANCE CAREER DEVELOPMENT FOR UNSKILLED WORKERS IN THE KINGDOM OF CAMBODIA

Abstract

The purposes of the research were: 1) to analyze and compare between the career development in Cambodia with those in Thailand and the United States focusing on curriculum, teacher training and the management, and 2) to propose the appropriate guidelines for organizing non-formal education to enhance career development for unskilled workers in Cambodia. The research used the analysis form, survey form with the selected samples of unskilled workers in Phnom Penh, Cambodia whom 150 from manufacturing, 100 from construction and 150 from service provider (cleaners) sector, and the guidelines for in-depth interview with the selected experts from Department of Non-Formal Education in Cambodia, the associate dean in Education Department in the University of Cambodia and National Institute of Education. The results of the study showed 1) the United States and Thailand focused curriculum with specific details inside, while Cambodia just starts this, 2) there is no teacher training program in Cambodia – teachers taught without certificate expression, while the United States and Thailand place the huge intention on the quality of teacher and training program. Last, the management of non-formal education in Cambodia still be in centralization, while in other two countries are all decentralized; 2) the survey on needs assessment with the unskilled workers revealed 3 most needed skills: clothes sewing, animal/fish rising and rice planting techniques; 3) the proposed guidelines was divided as 1) the policy being practiced by the organizer of non-formal education to enhance career development for unskilled workers in Cambodia; 2) Curriculum of non-formal education practiced by non-formal education organizer to enhance career development for unskilled workers in Cambodia; 3) Activities organized by the non-formal education organizer as to enhance career development for unskilled workers in Cambodia; 4) Teacher training organized by non-formal education organizer; 5) Management of non-formal education to improve career development for unskilled workers in Cambodia, which focused on 4 Ms (Men, Money, Materials and Management structures); and 6) Evaluation processes.